Clinical studies have shown that carotenoids are very important in maintaining good over all health and ocular health in particular. Zeaxanthin is one of the important carotenoids. It is the pigment that gives many of the fruits and vegetables their brilliant colors. Green leafy vegetables like spinach and kale as well as corn are great sources of this valuable nutrient. The best source of it are Goji berries. While the US dietary recommendation for carotenoids is about 2 mg/ day, there are no specific advisories for Zeaxanthin.

Zeaxanthin is a strong antioxidant that minimizes phototoxic stress. Systemic use of Zeaxanthin helps protect against dementia, skin conditions and certain cancers. With regard to the eyes, it is present in the natural lens. Oxidative stress causes cataracts and increases the likelihood of macular degeneration. Zeaxanthin is involved along with Lutein in increasing the density of macular pigment especially in the central fovea.

Macular pigment absorbs excess light and reduces free radicals that are responsible for oxidative stress. By absorbing the light the pigment protects the outer layer of the retina from this potential damage. Thus, Zeaxanthins’ ability to increase retinal pigment directly results in a protective action that will reduce the likelihood of macular degeneration. Epidemiological studies have supported this fact demonstrating an inverse relationship between AMD and macular pigment.

Obviously, a Zeazanthin deficiency will lead to a decreased retinal pigment concentration which can lead to more oxidative stress and therefore macular degeneration. This deprivation can also result in cataractogenesis in susceptible individuals. No studies have been conducted as to the potential affects of Zeaxanthin excess, but there have been no reported reactions in patients who have taken this supplement in large quantities. It is therefore considered relatively safe.

While Zeaxanthin does not satisfy current criteria as a essential nutrient, it may be used to fulfill the need for this category.